开头段的七宗罪

　　 复述原题+表明自己的立场

　　 复述原题+指出其复杂性+表明自己的立场

　　 复述原题+指出其暗含假设+表明自己的立场

　　 复述原题+适当让步+表明自己的立场

　　 提问+作者的观点+表明自己的立场

　　 表明自己的立场+原因

　　 创意型开头

　　 复述原题+表明自己的立场

　　“so long as no laws are broken, there is nothing unethical about doing whatever you need to do to promote existing products or to create new products.”

　　the speaker asserts that in creating and marketing products, companies act ethically merely by not violating any laws. although the speaker’s position is not wholly insupportable, far more compelling arguments can be made for holding businesses to higher ethical standards than those required by the letter of the law.

　　复述原题+指出其复杂性+表明自己的立场

　　most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society’s past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes.

　　the issue of whether to raze an old, historic building to make way for progress is a complex one, since it involves a conflict between our interest in preserving our culture, tradition, and history and a legitimate need to create practical facilities that serve current utilitarian purposes. in my view, the final judgment should depend on a case-by-case analysis of two key factors.

　　复述原题+指出其暗含假设+表明自己的立场

　　“clearly, government has a responsibility to support the arts. however, if that support is going to produce anything of value, government must place no restrictions on the art that is produced.”

　　the speaker here argues that government must support the arts but at the same time impose no control over what art is produced. the implicit rationale for government intervention in the arts is that, without it, cultural decline and erosion of our social fabric will result. however, i find no empirical evidence to support this argument, which in any event is unconvincing in light of more persuasive arguments that government should play no part in either supporting or restricting the arts.